COVID-19 Resources & References

Additional COVID-19 Resources & References

SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Inhalation


  1. Brosseau LM. COMMENTARY: COVID-19 transmission messages should hinge on science [Internet]. Minneapolis (MN): University of Minnesota, Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy; 2020. 2020 Mar 16 [cited 2020]; [about 14 p.]. Available from: https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/03/commentary-covid-19-transmission-messages-should-hinge-science
  2. Morawska L, Cao J. Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2: The world should face the reality. Environ Int. 2020;139:105730.
  3. Brosseau LM, Mitchell AH, Rosen J. Joint consensus statement on addressing the aerosol transmission of SARS CoV-2 and recommendations for preventing occupational exposures. Falls Church (VA): American Industrial Hygiene Association; 2020 Apr 20. 4 p.
  4. Fennelly KP. Particle sizes of infectious aerosols: implications for infection control. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(9):914-24.
  5. Jones RM, Brosseau LM. Aerosol transmission of infectious disease. J Occup Environ Med. 2015;57(5):501-8.
  6. Tang S, Mao Y, Jones RM, Tan Q, Ji JS, Li N, et al. Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2? Evidence, prevention and control. Environ Int. 2020;144:106039.
  7. Lednicky JA, Lauzardo M, Fan ZH, Jutla A, Tilly TB, Gangwar M, et al. Viable SARS-CoV-2 in the air of a hospital room with COVID-19 patients. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;100:476-82.
  8. Fears AC, Klimstra WB, Duprex P, Hartman A, Weaver SC, Plante KS, et al. Persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in aerosol suspensions. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(9):2168-71.
  9. Tang JW, Marr LC, Li Y, Dancer SJ. Covid-19 has redefined airborne transmission. BMJ. 2021;373:n913.

Control Banding


  1. Sietsema M, Radonovich L, Hearl FJ, Fisher EM, Brosseau LM, Shaffer RE, et al. A control banding framework for protecting the US workforce from aerosol transmissible infectious disease outbreaks with high public health consequences. Health Secur. 2019;17(2):124-32.
  2. Brosseau LM, Rosen J, Harrison R. Selecting controls for minimizing SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission in workplaces and conserving respiratory protective equipment supplies. Ann Work Expo Health. 2021;65(1):53-62.
  3. Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy [Internet]. Minneapolis (MN): University of Minnesota; c2020. Protecting essential workers; 2021 [cited 2021]; [about 7 p.]. Available from: https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/covid-19/preparedness-and-response/protecting-essential-workers
  4. Zisook RE, Monnot A, Parker J, Gaffney S, Dotson S, Unice K. Assessing and managing the risks of COVID-19 in the workplace: Applying industrial hygiene (IH)/occupational and environmental health and safety (OEHS) frameworks. Toxicol Ind Health. 2020;36(9):607-18.
  5. Carlsten C, Gulati M, Hines S, Rose C, Scott K, Tarlo SM, et al. COVID-19 as an occupational disease. Am J Ind Med. 2021;64(4):227-37.

Ventilation for Aerosol Transmissible Pathogens


  1. Li Y, Leung GM, Tang JW, Yang X, Chao CY, Lin JZ, et al. Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment – a multidisciplinary systematic review. Indoor Air. 2007;17(1):2-18.
  2. Tang JW, Li Y, Eames I, Chan PK, Ridgway GL. Factors involved in the aerosol transmission of infection and control of ventilation in healthcare premises. J Hosp Infect. 2006;64(2):100-14.
  3. Tang JW, Noakes CJ, Nielsen PV, Eames I, Nicolle A, Li Y, et al. Observing and quantifying airflows in the infection control of aerosol- and airborne-transmitted diseases: an overview of approaches. J Hosp Infect. 2011;77(3):213-22.
  4. Memarzadeh F, Xu W. Role of air changes per hour (ACH) in possible transmission of airborne infections. Build Simul. 2012;5(1):15-28.
  5. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Industrial ventilation: a manual of recommended practice for design. 30th ed. Cincinnati (OH): ACGIH; 2019. Chapter 10, General industrial ventilation; p. 10-1.
  6. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Industrial Ventilation Committee. White paper on ventilation for industrial settings during the COVID-19 pandemic [Internet]. Cincinnati (OH): ACGIH (US); 2020 June [cited 2021]. 14 p. Available from: https://www.acgih.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ACGIH-COVID-19-Ventilation-White-Paper_2021-07-13a.pdf
  7. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Industrial Ventilation Committee. White paper on Engineering Controls for Bioaerosols in Non-Industrial/Non-Health [Internet]. Cincinnati (OH): ACGIH (US); 2021 June [cited 2021]. 38 p. Available from: https://www.acgih.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ACGIH-COVID-19-Engineering-Controls-White-Paper_2021-07-13a.pdf
  8. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Industrial Ventilation Committee. Coauthored with American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). White paper on Ventilation for Industrial Settings During the COVID-19 Pandemic  [Internet]. Cincinnati (OH): ACGIH (US); 2021 July [cited 2021]. 23 p. Available from: https://acgih.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ASHRAE-ACGIH-COVID-19-White-Paper_2021-07-26.pdf
  9. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Worker Training Program,  WTP COVID-19 BRIEF:Selection and Use of Portable Air Cleaners to ProtectWorkers from Exposure to SARS-CoV-2.
  10. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Worker Training Program, Fact Sheet, Selection and Use of Portable Air Cleanerst to Protect Workers from Exposure to SARS-CoV-2

Respirators, Surgical Masks and Face Coverings


  1. Brosseau LM, Sietsema M. Commentary: Masks-for-all for COVID-19 not based on sound data [Internet]. Minneapolis (MN): University of Minnesota, Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy; 2020. 2020 Apr 01 [cited 2020]; [about 16 p.]. Available from: https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/04/commentary-masks-all-covid-19-not-based-sound-data
  2. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). F3502−21 Standard Specification for Barrier Face Coverings. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM; 2021. ASTM Standards & COVID-19
  3. Lindsley WG, Blachere FM, Beezhold DH, Law BF, Derk RC, Hettick JM, et al. A comparison of performance metrics for cloth face masks as source control devices for simulated cough and exhalation aerosols. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2021.
  4. Lindsley WG, Blachere FM, Law BF, Beezhold DH, Noti JD. Efficacy of face masks, neck gaiters and face shields for reducing the expulsion of simulated cough-generated aerosols. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2021;55(4):449-57.
  5. McCullough NV, Brosseau LM. Selecting respirators for control of worker exposure to infectious aerosols. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1999;20(2):136-44.

Health and Safety Programs for Pandemic Organisms


  1. California Department of Industrial Relations (US). Aerosol transmissible diseases. San Francisco (CA): Labor and Workforce Development Agency; 2020. 32 p. (No. §5199). Available from: https://www.dir.ca.gov/title8/5199.html
  2. DOLI The Virginia Department of Labor and Industry [Internet]. Richmond (VA): Virginia Department of Labor and Industry (US); 2021. Final standard for infectious disease prevention: SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19, 16 VAC25-220; 2021 [cited 2021]; [about 10 p.]. Available from: https://www.doli.virginia.gov/proposed-permanent-standard-for-infectious-disease-prevention-for-covid-19/
  3. Oregon Occupational Safety and Health [Internet]. Salem (OR): Department of Consumer and Business Services (US); 2020. Infectious disease rulemaking; 2021 May [cited 2021]; [about 5 p.]. Available from: https://osha.oregon.gov/rules/advisory/infectiousdisease/Pages/default.aspx
  4. Michigan Occupational Safety & Health Administration (US). Emergency rules: coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Lansing (MI): Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity (US); 2020 Oct 14. 10 p. Available from: https://www.michigan.gov/documents/leo/Final_MIOSHA_Rules_705164_7.pdf
  5. Occupational Safety and Health Administration [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Labor; 2021. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19); 2021 [cited 2021]; [about 3 p.]. Available from: https://www.osha.gov/coronavirus